QWORQS

Yes you can, but not the latest, CodeIgniter support was dropped at one point, but nothing is stopping you from using the old version of clockwork !

Clockwork is maintained by itsgoingd, with the relevant projects here (https://github.com/itsgoingd)

Clockwork’s codeigniter support was dropped with Clockwork 2, but you can still use Clockwork V1.x (Statement from itsgoingD himself here https://github.com/itsgoingd/clockwork/issues/333), Version 1 can be downloaded at (https://github.com/itsgoingd/clockwork/tree/v1), 1.6 seems to be the last V1 published.

But there are a few caveats, for example, what browser extensions work with Clockwork V1.6 ?

Whenever i get the following message

mount /dev/sdd1 /hds/sgt2tb
The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0).
Metadata kept in Windows cache, refused to mount.
Falling back to read-only mount because the NTFS partition is in an
unsafe state. Please resume and shutdown Windows fully (no hibernation
or fast restarting.)
Could not mount read-write, trying read-only

The command

ntfsfix /dev/sdd1

resolves the issue, and produces the following message

Mounting volume... The disk contains an unclean file system (0, 0).
Metadata kept in Windows cache, refused to mount.
FAILED
Attempting to correct errors...
Processing $MFT and $MFTMirr...
Reading $MFT... OK
Reading $MFTMirr... OK
Comparing $MFTMirr to $MFT... OK
Processing of $MFT and $MFTMirr completed successfully.
Setting required flags on partition... OK
Going to empty the journal ($LogFile)... OK
Checking the alternate boot sector... OK
NTFS volume version is 3.1.
NTFS partition /dev/sdd1 was processed successfully

The same mount command you see here will now work flawlessly

mount /dev/sdd1 /hds/sgt2tb

I am still unsure what process from the mentioned above is responsible, as this oftentimes pops up on drives that were never system drives, so there is no hibernation file problem

You can do this in many ways, the most popular of which is SAMBA, but this is not the software we are using, here we are using SSHFS

The software this post is about is SSHFS, if you are reading this, you probably know what SSH is (Secure shell), and FS stands for File System

Ironically, you will only need to have SFTP and not SSH with shell access, so here is the first surprise, Now, to continue with this tutorial, you might want to visit the page I have posted here to create that user and give him/her access to the directory to be mounted, don’t worry, there is a link back here at the bottom of that page !

So, now that you have created that user account on the remote system, let’s get down to business

You will need 2 peices of software, or 3 if you would like to use private/public key authentication

For the following software, look on their websites for the latest installers for your version of Windows (Usually you are looking for the msi of the 64bit version of windows)

1- WinFsp, short for Windows File System Proxy, What this basically does is enabled the developer of SSHFS-Win to make it look like a windows drive, not some separate SFTP application where you have to move the files manually, when you present it as a drive, you can modify files directly on it, which is the main advantage, and it will do the work in the background, it is a driver that presents itself on/to windows as a disk, while cheating the disk contents from another application, the github page for it is at https://github.com/winfsp/winfsp, or to save you time, Just go directly to the download page here https://github.com/winfsp/winfsp/releases/tag/v1.11 , When presented with optional components, if you are not a developer, you will only ever need the Core package, which is the installer’s default

Once WinFsp is installed, we are done with the part that allows us to display file systems that are not really filesystems, the next step is to have something feed that with data from an actual filesystem somewhere else ! via SFTP, and that software would be

2- SSHFS-Win, which is the system that sits in the middle, between the SFTP server, and WinFsp which is an illusion of a hard drive on your windows machine ! it’s home on github is at https://github.com/winfsp/sshfs-win, To get the latest from this one, go here https://github.com/winfsp/sshfs-win/releases and look for the one that says latest (Not pre-release), download and install it

There is no software to install on the remote side, as most Linux systems already have the functionality ! and you have already setup a user in the previous post that I pointed you to a minute ago, So let us mount !

Now, you can (But don’t do it just yet) open file explorer in Windows, right click “This PC”, and click on Map Network Drive, A dialogue appears, enter your connection string, which should be something like

\\sshfs\username@serverhostname\

You should then be prompted with a password dialogue box, you enter the SFTP password, and you should now be all set, but why are we not doing this right now ? we are not doing this because when you create files in that drive, they will remotely have rwx permissions for owner, and no permissions for group or others, wo work around this, you need to pass the following arguments to the mount

webdev@10.10.20.41:/

create_file_umask=0000,create_dir_umask=0000,umask=0000,idmap=user,StrictHostKeyChecking=no

which is only available via command line and does not survive reboots, a better alternative is to use sshfs-win-manager, which seamlessly mounts those remote file systems using SFTP , the long and short of it is that it just works

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Another program that has a different set of permission issues (I can write files, but can’t write to them again even though i own the files on the remote system and the permissions should allow) is SiriKali (https://github.com/mhogomchungu/sirikali), you should be able to find the line to download for your platform here (https://mhogomchungu.github.io/sirikali/)

SiriKali also allows you to use other types of authentication which are beyond the scope of this post

So in SiriKali, you need to fill the above information, luckily that information is loaded by default.

Remember to select the checkboxes you need,

One problem i face when developing using Hyper-v is that I need static addresses, and the default switch keeps changing the ip range

The simplest solution to this is to create a new switch of type internal ! this only connects the virtual machines to each other (Static IP etc…), and can not access the internet

Right after creating an INTERNAL switch in the switch manager, you go to “Manage network adapter settings” on the host computer, and assign an IP such as 10.10.20.1 to the adapter and a subnet of 255.255.255.0, no gateway, and nothing but those IPs.

Once that is done, you add a second adapter to all the virtual machines, and in the /etc/network/interfaces file, you leave eth0 the way it was (For internet) and add a metric 10 under the last line for eth0, then add the following stanza for the new adapter (Assuming eth1), eth 1 has a higher cost in it’s metric, so unless the remote is on the eth1 subnet, it will go through the eth0

auto eth1
iface eth1 inet static
 address 10.10.20.41/24
 metric 100

And you are done, those virtual machines can address each other with their 10.10.20.x addresses, and access the outside world via the other network interface.

This tutorial is done on a debian 11 system… it should work for wildcard (For all subdomains under a domain), but also for subdomains or the primary domain, obviously, all you need to do is replace the * which denotes wildcard with the subdomain of your choice, so *.qworqs.com is wildcard, yazeed.qworqs.com is a subdomain 😉 so let us get started

Let’s encrypt has certainly revolutionized the world of SSL certificates (By making them free), but when it comes to wildcard certificates, let’s encrypt will require more than just generating the certificate, it will require a system that automatically alters DNS at your registrar, and differs from registrar to registrar.

So while I am developing, and need a wildcard SSL, I can simply generate a self signed wildcard security certificate, and teach my browser to accept it, and that is that, so here is how to generate that certificate !

So let us get started, first let us create a public and private key in one go, and a folder to store them !

cd /etc/ssl
sudo mkdir qworqs.com
sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/qworqs.com/wildcard-ss.key -out /etc/ssl/qworqs.com/wildcard-ss.crt

I will personally skip selecting a strong Diffie-Hellman group… this file though goes somewhere else in the nginx directory, and can be generated like the following, but again, I don’t need it atm.

sudo openssl dhparam -out /etc/nginx/dhparam.pem 4096

Now you are done with creating everything you need, the next step is to install them into your nginx configuration

So all you need is to add the following 2 lines into your server section within the website config file 😉

    ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/qworqs.com/wildcard-ss.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/qworqs.com/wildcard-ss.key;

Now all you need is to restart nginx, and you should get a warning in your browser, I accept the warning, then make it permanent in firefox from the settings

Settings -> Privacy & Security -> Security -> Certificates -> View Certificates... -> Servers Then switch it from temporary to permanent

And that’s that

Every company has it’s own procedures, and sometimes it’s own standard for the following documents, but this is the most common, the order is loosely relevant to prerequisites and chronological order

I have put them down in a table to simplify

In this document, a client refers to a party that receives the code, (any of the steakholders), Implementation lead and developer refer to the programmers, system analyst refers to a system analyst.

Doc Abbrv.	Document description	Who writes it	Who is it written for
SOW	Statement of work	Project management, Chief Information Officer, third-party contractor, So from the developers perspective, any client such as the above	Implementation Lead
MRD	Marketing requirements document	Marketing department	All steakholders including Implementation lead
URD URS	The user requirements document User requirements specification This document is basically the client outlining the features the developers are to implement	Project management with help from system analysts (Clients)	Implementation lead and any relevant stakeholders
SRS	A software requirements specification sheet A description of a software system to be developed, laying out functional and non-functional requirements- or features This document bridges the gap between user/client and developer Also serves as an agreement	Business Analyst, System Analyst, and developers
TRD	Technical requirements document Written by the developers based on the requirement documents submitted by the client, this is an extensive document that connects functionality, features, and purpose together, creating this document is a very lengthy process and it requires “Technical writing skills” as it is meant to convey the whole system to non technical steakholders.
FSD	Functional specification document
FRD	Functional Requirements Document
PRD	Product requirements document. This document communicates the capabilities the product will need.
SRD	Software Requirements Document written statement of what the software will do or should do.
FRS	Far more detailed than an SRS	Implementation lead or System Analyst.
Product Roadmap	Timetable
Product backlog	It is the prioritized list of task-level details needed to execute the strategic plan outlined in the product roadmap.
Sprint Backlog	Drawn from the product backlog, this is the list of cross-functional team plans to work on in the next sprint.
SD	Software documentation A user’s manual (Not for the developers)

Off the bat, bootstrap and tailwind have conflicting class names ! they can not be used together, but there are solutions to make it happen depending on your use case.

There are multiple solutions that need to be mixed and matched for your use case, I will start by providing the methods to allow both Bootstrap and Tailwind to co-exist, then, I will provide the common use cases below and refer to the solution(s) that work best with them

Solution 1- Change the tailwind class prefix !

This is the simplest solution

You start by editing the file tailwind.config.js and adding the prefix option.

module.exports = {
  prefix: 'tw-',
}

The run “npm install && npm run build”

On laravel, this will add tw- as a prefix to all the utility classes, the effect can be seen in the files

the use of tailwind CSS that came with your scaffolding plugins probably is not massive.

Case 1: My design is in bootstrap, but scaffolding packages use tailwind !

For example, one reason you are probably trying to do this is when you have Laravel packages that provide a front end that uses tailwind, but your design is all done in bootstrap !

The solutions are

What is OAuth2

If you are a web developer, you probably understand that OAuth (2) is how you allow your visitors to login to your website using their facebook, twitter, or even github credentials (Too many to name).

The uncontested champion of a plugins to log in users to your website using social networks is Laravel Socialite, (More like register to your website, but you get the idea)

So, to avoid confusion, socialite is the plugin you are looking for, Passport and Sanctum ARE NOT MEANT FOR THIS PURPOSE. here is how they are different

Plugin	About
Socialite	Allows you to easily integrate the option to login to your website with a popular website's credentials
Sanctum	The opposite of Socialite, Allows an application to authenticate users using your website as a back-end, usually useful when you create mobile apps for example.
Passport	Same concept as Sanctum, but with OAuth2, Unless you need OAuth2, don't use this, Sanctum provides a much simpler API authentication development experience.

Now, let us get to adding social login to our application, socialite.

At this stage, this posst is a stub, I am simply compiling information here then I will come back to edit this

Under linux, the Laravel extensions that i like up to now are

• Laravel Blade Snippets (For blade templates)
• PHP namespace resolver (So that we don’t need to look for what namespaces provide for the classes we are using)
• PHP Intelephense (PHP Autocomplete/intellisense ref finder, etc…)

This part of the tutorial is a hands on setup to have Laravel working on nginx under Linux. this is not the only way to run Laravel, for all the options, see here

NOTE: Most if not all of the popular development tools are available for Linux and Windows, so If this setup is for development, you might want to install Debian Linux with the Gnome GUI so that you can install the development tools used in the next part of this tutorial, if you are going to be developing on a different machine or this is for production, then you shouldn’t.

STEP 1: Install Debian 11 (Bullseye) on a computer.

STEP 2: Install the basic Laravel environment with the following commands, Laravel 9 requires PHP 8, which at the time of writing is not available in Debian 11 repositories, so we will need to add the repositories from the guy who manages PHP for Debian anyway

sudo apt-get install ca-certificates apt-transport-https software-properties-common gnupg unzip curl
echo "deb https://packages.sury.org/php/ $(lsb_release -sc) main" | tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sury-php.list
wget -qO - https://packages.sury.org/php/apt.gpg | apt-key add -
apt-get update

Now, to the actual installation of the environment

apt install php8.1-fpm nginx
apt install php8.1-{dev,common,xml,tokenizer,zip,mysql,curl,mbstring,mysql,opcache,gd,intl,xsl,bcmath,imap,soap,readline,sqlite3,gmp}
apt install redis-server
apt-get install php8.1-redis
apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client

Now you need to secure redis !

Now remember to secure your mariaDB (MySQL) installation with the following command

mysql_secure_installation

Next, we need composer, the PHP dependency manager, to get it execute the following

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | php
mv composer.phar /usr/local/bin/composer
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/composer
composer --version

The last line above should show you what version of composer you have just installed

Now, remember to never run composer as root, but rather as a regular user, from this point on I am assuming you are running the terminal as a regular user.

I understand that Debian puts the web root in /var/www/html, but i usually like to create a separate directory called /var/vhosts and put all my web projects in it

mkdir /var/vhosts

Now, we need to create a sample project for our learning and training experience

cd /var/vhosts
composer create-project laravel/laravel laraveltestapp
chmod -R 0777 /var/vhosts/laravelapp/storage

Next, We would need to setup nginx to serve this website (“Would like to” actually, because there are alternatives, but I’m keeping it simple), here is an almost standard template for nginx, modify the host name and project name to match your project and preferences.

NGINX vhost config file (In my case /etc/nginx/sites-available/laraveltestapp)

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    server_name ltest.net www.ltest.net;
    root /var/vhosts/laraveltestapp/public;

    add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
    add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff";

    index index.html index.htm index.php;

    charset utf-8;

    location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
    }

    location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
    location = /robots.txt  { access_log off; log_not_found off; }

    error_page 404 /index.php;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php8.1-fpm.sock;
#	fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $realpath_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }

    location ~ /\.(?!well-known).* {
        deny all;
    }
}

Surely for this to work, you will need to add the following two lines to the end of the /etc/hosts file

127.0.0.1 ltest.net
127.0.0.1 www.ltest.net

As soon as we have the file above, we need to create a symbolic link for it in the sites enabled directory

cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/laraveltestapp

Suddenly, it works through nginx, you should see the welcome page (View) here

Now, to the development environment, how to setup your development environment can be found here